Cerro del Muerte cloud forest
This photo was taken about 100m below the treeline near Cerro del Muerte in Costa Rica. This cloud forest has supports a large biomass of epiphytic liverworts due to an almost year-round saturation of surfaces by clouds on a daily basis. The oak trees at this location are 23m tall but the oaks 200m lower in elevation can reach 50m. However, oaks in this region do not produce growth rings due to constancy of the growing conditions and are therefore difficult to age. Typically the understory in this forest is a thick cover of bamboo. In this location it flowered the previous year and died back
John Markham